Urinalysis is a common diagnostic test used to evaluate overall health and detect disorders related to the urinary system, kidneys, liver, or metabolic conditions. In this test, a urine sample is examined for physical characteristics (such as color and clarity), chemical properties (such as pH, protein, glucose, ketones, blood, and bilirubin), and microscopic components (such as cells, bacteria, crystals, or casts). Urinalysis is widely used to diagnose urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney problems like renal failure, diabetes, or liver diseases. It is also employed in routine screenings or in evaluating symptoms such as abdominal pain, frequent urination, or abnormal changes in urine. Urinalysis is non-invasive, quick, and cost-effective, and its results can provide clues for more specialized tests. Interpretation of the results is often done alongside the patient’s symptoms and other laboratory tests.